False Positive, False Negative, True Positive and True Negative
We think that the False Negative is the worst-case scenario… | Article
‘Spot the difference: True Positives celebrate the real deal, while False Positives are just illusions’
A network firewall is a security system that monitors and controls incoming and outgoing network traffic based on predetermined security rules and policies. Its purpose is to prevent unauthorised access to or from a private network. Firewalls can be implemented as hardware, software, or a combination. They are commonly used to protect networks connected to the Internet and internal networks that connect multiple devices within an organisation.
Firewalls generate alarms to alert administrators of suspicious or malicious activity on the network. These alarms can be generated in response to various events, such as attempted unauthorised access to a network resource, a violation of a security policy, or a detected intrusion. The alarms can be configured to trigger different responses, such as blocking the offending traffic, sending an alert to the network administrator, or logging the incident for later analysis.
This topic is a refresher for some or something new for others, but it is nice to know the true meaning of those terms in Cyber Security – Malware detection definition.
‘Navigating the maze of certainty: True Negatives dodge the traps, but False Negatives miss the mark’
Let’s dive a bit deeper into the story.
Network firewalls use various methods to categorise the events traversing the firewall. One standard practice is to use rules and policies that define what types of traffic are allowed to pass through the firewall and what kinds are blocked. These rules can be based on various criteria, such as the source and destination IP addresses, ports, and protocols.
Another method a firewall uses is to inspect the actual content of the network traffic, looking for specific patterns or characteristics that indicate malicious activity. For example, a firewall may use deep packet inspection (DPI) to examine the payload of a packet, looking for known malware or other malicious code.
When a firewall detects an event that violates one of its rules or policies, it generates an alarm to notify the network administrator. The alarm can be configured to trigger different responses, such as blocking the offending traffic, sending an alert to the network administrator, or logging the incident for later analysis.
Additionally, the firewall can be integrated with other security tools, such as intrusion detection and prevention systems(IDPS), designed to monitor and detect suspicious network activity. These systems can be configured to alert on specific types of attacks, such as denial-of-service (DoS) attacks, and take action to mitigate the attack.
In summary, a network firewall categorises events traversing it using rules and policies, deep inspection, and notification of triggered attacks by generating alarms and alerts for the network administrator.
True Positive: A legitimate attack that triggers an alarm. You have a brute force alert, and it starts. You investigate the alert and discover that somebody was trying to break into one of your systems via brute force.
False Positive: An event signalling to produce an alarm when no attack occurs. You investigate another of these brute force alerts and discover that some users mistyped their passwords many times, not an actual attack.
False Negative: No alarm is raised when an attack has occurred. Someone tried to break into your system but did so below your brute force attack logic threshold. For example, you set your rule to look for ten failed logins in a minute, and the attacker did only 9. The attack occurred, but your control was unable to detect it.
True Negative: An event when no attack has occurred and no detection is made. No attack occurred, and your rule didn’t make fire.
The Game of Guessing: Understanding True and False in Tests (Simple Explanation)
Imagine you’re playing a game where you must guess if a treasure is hidden in a chest. If you guess “yes” and there’s actually treasure inside, that’s called a True Positive! You guessed right! But if you guess “yes” and there’s nothing inside, that’s called a False Positive. It’s like thinking there’s treasure when there isn’t. On the other hand, if you guess “no” and there’s nothing in the chest, that’s a True Negative. You guessed right again! But if you guess “no” and there’s treasure inside, that’s called a False Negative. You missed the treasure even though it was there. So, in this game of guessing, it’s all about getting the right answers and avoiding the wrong ones!
‘Sorting signals: True Positives unveil the truth, while False Positives lead us astray’
Some interesting facts and statistics about Cybersecurity and Malicious Attacks
- According to a 2020 report by Cybersecurity Ventures, cybercrime damages are projected to cost the world $6 trillion annually by 2021, up from $3 trillion in 2015.
- A 2019 survey by the SANS Institute found that 94% of respondents said their organisation had experienced a successful cyber attack in the past 12 months.
- Another 2019 survey by the cybersecurity firm Fortinet found that 79% of respondents said their organisation had experienced a successful cyber attack in the past 12 months.
- A 2018 report by the Ponemon Institute found that the average cost of a company’s data breach was $3.86 million.
- According to a 2017 report by Cybersecurity Ventures, a cyber attack occurs every 39 seconds, and the frequency is projected to increase to every 14 seconds by 2021.
- A 2017 cybersecurity firm Check Point survey found that 55% of companies experienced a cyber attack that bypassed their firewall.
- A 2016 Center for Strategic and International Studies (CSIS) and McAfee study found that the estimated annual cost of cybercrime to the global economy is $400 billion.
Please note that these statistics are subject to change over time, and the figures mentioned may not be accurate by the time you read this.
‘Juggling certainty: True Positives catch the right ball, while False Negatives drop the important one’
True Positive vs True Negative vs False Positive vs False Negative
Video provided by Professor Messer
‘In the pursuit of truth, distinguishing between the real and the perceived is the ultimate challenge.’
— Unknown
True Positive Definition | False Positive Explanation | Understanding True and False | True Positive vs. False Positive | Detecting True Positives | False Negative Occurrances | Identifying False Negatives | True Negative Detection Methods | Analysing False Positive
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